9月公共英语三级阅读每日训练1 在购物商场里，售货员极力向你推销，“买一件礼物去感谢她无私的爱吧。”当你登录到一个网站的时候，一个弹出式菜单要你为她订一束花。在这个五月份特别的星期天里，洋溢着充满下面是小编为大家整理的2023年9月公共英语三级阅读每日训练3篇,供大家参考。
9月公共英语三级阅读每日训练1
在购物商场里，售货员极力向你推销，“买一件礼物去感谢她无私的爱吧。”当你登录到一个网站的时候，一个弹出式菜单要你为她订一束花。在这个五月份特别的星期天里，洋溢着充满商业化的热情和感激的气氛。
美国版本的母亲节在1905年由贾维斯提出，作为一种认同母爱真正价值的方式。母亲节在全世界的`流行表明贾维斯成功达到了目的。事实上，她得到的还要多，多得使她感到害怕。
根据美国贺曼卡片公司的调查显示，96%的美国消费者在庆祝这个节日。在各种商品之中，卡片的销售量达到l_32亿张。母亲节的鲜花销售量在所有节日中住列第一。还有其他各种各样的商品，从珠宝、衣服到化妆品、洗衣粉，都利用这个机会提高销售量。由于这个原因，贾维斯在她生命的最后40年中一直努力阻止庆祝母亲节。有趣的是，在一次抵制母亲节商业化的*中，她竟然以破坏和*的名义被捕。
并且，商业化使得年轻人改变了做母亲的态度。正如英国报纸《卫报》记者劳尔夫·斐*评论的一样，传统意义上“选择做母亲是因为我们认为这是正确的”。但从商业逻辑看来，人们需要一些东西来交换由此而付出的时间和精力。一份事业更适合这个目标。
另外，女性被鼓励去追求任何她们想要的事业。因此她们努力工作。努力玩。然而成为一个母亲就不可避免地会阻碍事业的发展。
结果是，女性地位自20世纪50年代以来有了巨大的下降。据《卫报》报道，当今没有孩子的年轻女性是上一代的两倍。或者她们把做母亲的责任推迟到更晚一些。
于是斐*写道，庆祝母亲节的意义需要被更新。“它的意义在于说服人们去相信为人父母是一个崇高的信念，并且要尊重有意成为善者的人们。”
9月公共英语三级阅读每日训练3篇扩展阅读
9月公共英语三级阅读每日训练3篇（扩展1）
——9月公共英语三级写作快速突破训练3篇
9月公共英语三级写作快速突破训练1
Section III Writing
(45 minutes)
Directions:
You should write your responses to both Part A and Part B of this section on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Part A
56. You have read the following magazine advertisement in which an American girl is looking
for pen-friends and you want to get in touch with her.
Write a letter to her ( Andy Lewis), telling her about:
1 ) your family
2) your schooling or work
3) your hobbies
You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter. Use Li Ping" instead. You needn"t write the address.
part B
57.
Directions:
Read the text below. Write an essay in about 120 words, in which you should summarize the key points of the text and make comments on them. Try to use you own words.
A 23-year-old Chinese woman has died after her mobile phone exploded while it was being charged.
Miss Zhao was found dead in Shijiazhuang, the capital city of northeast China" s Hebei province. She was talking to her boyfriend on her mobile phone, but suddenly went silent.
After the boyfriend failed to get a response in a prolonged period of time, he rushed to Zhao" s home. It was already too late, as the phone had clearly exploded in her hands, and her entire chest had been burned.
This piece of news draws public attention to the using safety of electronic devices, especially the most commonly used mobile phone, and provides information that will be of great value in as sessing the safety of cell phone use.
Liang Guangchuan, a researcher from Hebei University of Technology, says the tragedy could be caused by a faulty charger and electric leakage of the lithium battery. He suggests that to be on the safe side, one should avoid using his or her mobile phone while it is being charged.
This accident caused great response in the population of cell phone users. A cell phone user replied in an interview, "I swear, after I post this comment, I will never play with my mobile phone again when the battery is still being charged. " A sample of comments on Weibo: "Should the cell phone producer be responsible for this accident and make effort to broadcast the knowledge of cell phone using safety?"
【写作范文】
Part A
56、Dear Andy,
I have read the advertisement and I am very glad to become your pen- friend.
I am a girl of 25 years old. I live with my parents in Beijing. I have a brother working in a com*r company. I—— m a history teacher in a junior middle school. I share the same hobbies with you, and I also like traveling and hiking very much. I usually go camping with my friends on weekends. I like to make friends, not only in Beijing, but also in other countries. It"s a great pleasure to know you. And I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely, Li Ping
Part B
57、Recently, a tragedy happened in Hebei, China. A very young girl died because of cell phone explosion. Her cell phone exploded when she was talking to her boyfriend at night via cell phone , which is being charged.
This sad news caused public discussion all over country. Experts and researchers claimed that cell phone users should avoid of using cell phone when charging them in case of security issues.
Those people who frequently use cell phones are concerned about the safety of cell phone using. Most users are frightened by this news and promised that they would never use cell phones when it was being charged. Yet, someone intended to question the liability of the phone producers and want to get safety assurance from them.
In my opinion, as many cautionary tales as I have heard, I will try to get rid of the cell phone addiction and find other things to do when it is being charged.
9月公共英语三级阅读每日训练3篇（扩展2）
——公共英语三级阅读模拟训练3篇
公共英语三级阅读模拟训练1
Mistakes are the things that nobody wants, but we still make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. Some are about work or jobs. But most mistakes are about people."Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen? When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it as a friend? Or did he envy my luck? And why didn"t Andy pick up that I was friendly just because 1 had a car?" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it"s too late.
why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. We need to listen and think for some time. And if we don"t really listen we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You"re a lucky dog" that"s being friendly. But "lucky dog"? There"s a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn"t see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little, what he may be saying is that he doesn"t think you deserve your luck.
"Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for" is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn"t important. It"s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven"t got a date for Saturday night.
How can you"tell the real meaning behind someone"s words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says agree with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.
26. This passage is mainly about
A. how to interpret what people say
B. what to do when you listen to others talking
C. how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people
D. why we go wrong with people sometimes
27. According to the author, the reason why we go wrong about our friends is that .
A. we fail to listen carefully when they talk
B. people tend to be annoyed when we check what they say
C. people usually state one thing but means another
D. we tend to doubt what our friends say
28. In the sentence "Maybe he doesn"t see it himself" in the second paragraph, the pronoun"it" refers to .
A. being friendly
B. a bit of envy
C. lucky dog
D. your luck
29. When we listen to a person talking, the most important thing for us to do is .
A. notice the way the person is talking
B. take a good look at the person talking
C. mind his tone, his posture and the look in his eyes
D. examine the real meaning of what he says based on his manner, his tone and his posture
30. The author most probably is a .
A. teacher
B. philosopher
C. psychologist
D. doctor
Text l
篇章分析
本文是一篇议论文。文章在一开始就引出话题——听不出别人的弦外之音是会犯错误的，文章之后围绕这个话题进行阐述，第二、三段列举了一些话里含有弦外之音的例子，第四段话告诉我们如何听出弦外之音，准确理解别人的意思。
答案及解析
26.【答案】C
【题型】主旨题
【解析】题干意为“这篇文章主要讲的.是什么?”文章第一段一开始就谈到，我们常常会犯错误，而误解别人的话是犯的最多的错误，之后文章也在围绕如何倾听以避免误解来阐述，因此正确答案为C。
27.【答案】c
【题型】细节题
【解析】题干意为“在作者看来，我们常常误解朋友的原因是什么?”从文章第二段第二句话“Sometimes what people say hides their real mean-ing.”可知，有时人们说话时会隐藏起他们的真正意思，因此正确答案为C。
28.【答案】B
【题型】释义题 .
【解析】题干问的是在那句话中it指的是什?我们从前一句话 “There’S a bit of envy in those words.”中可以看出指的是a bit of ell-vy，因此正确答案为B。
29.【答案】D
【题型】推理题
【解析】题干意为“当我们听一个人说话时，最重要的事情是什么?”文章最后一段整段话都在谈这个问题，根据原文，作者建议我们要注意说话者的神态姿势，听他的语音语调，看他的眼睛，可以看出D最贴切，因此正确答案为D。
30.【答案】c
【题型】推理题
【解析】题干意为“作者很可能是什么人?”A老师，B哲学家，C心理学家，D医生。文章谈的话题是言外之意和动作姿态流露出来的隐含心理，因此只有C最可能，故正确答案为C。
公共英语三级阅读模拟训练2
SMS (Short Message Service) gradually becomes the main service for cell phone users for its great charming. In addition, the development of mobile communications technology and service has created favorable condition for SMS. For example, MMS, multi-media messaging service, is a new type of message service on the basis of SMS. It allows transmission of multi-media messages between cell phone and com*r, as well as between cell phones. Communication with SMS is quite convenient. You can write a message after carefully thinking what you want to say with many words without worrying about money. Actually, SMS enjoys the absolute majority utilization
among mobile service. In China, the number of short message transmitted is 2,200 billion in 2003.
People, however, feel angry and anxious sometimes while enjoying SMS. More and more rubbish short messages that contain such content as erotic, gambling, or advertising are sent to cell phone users, which seriously violated the user"s privacy. Because the sender of these rubbish short messages do not take into ——account whether people need them or not, and do not get the permission from users to transmit these rubbish short messages to them.
As we know, everyone has the right to communication freely with other people, and the right to refuse communication with people they don"t like to. But these rights were not guaranteed in SMS. Users do not receive rubbish short messages on a voluntary basis. If you fell angry and disgusted with some rubbish message to your cell phone, and do not want to see it again, that means such message is in contradiction with your wish, and violates your privacy. MMS also promote the transmission of unhealthy information on the Internet from com*r to cell phone, which must extend the scope and influence of rubbish short message.
The rapid development of mobile communications may suffer a lot if there is no change in the way of transmitting SMS. More and more users of cell phone are disturbed by rubbish short messages, and their privacy is violated by mobile communications service, which is also not a benefit for the development of mobile communications service.
31. has created a good condition for SMS.
A. Multi-media messaging service
B. Mobile communications technology
C. Mobile communications service
D. Mobile communications technology and service
32. By MMS, short messages can be transmitted except between .
A. cell phones
B. com*rs
C. cell phone and com*r
D. mobile phone and com*r
33. People sometimes don"t enjoy SMS because .
A. SMS also sends rubbish short messages
B. SMS violates their privacy
C.SMS does not consider whether people need it or not
D. SMS doesn"t get people"s permission to send them messages
34. MMS may violate people"s privacy because .
A. SIMS doesn"t take measures to forbidden it
B.SMS doesn"t guarantee people"s privacy
C. it makes rubbish short messages transmission easier
D. it extends the scope and influence of rubbish short message
35. From the text we know that .
A. people should refuse rubbish short messages
B. SMS should think of a way to get rid of rubbish short messages
C. MMS should not allow people to send messages from the Internet to cell phones
D. SMS benefits from rubbish short messages
9月公共英语三级阅读每日训练3篇（扩展3）
——公共英语三级试题考前阅读理解训练3篇
公共英语三级试题考前阅读理解训练1
技术已经成为历史性改变的一种激励。在十八世纪初的英国和十九世纪的整个西方世界，技术就具有这样的一种力量。在商品制造领域，科学发现物的使用使得商品制造领域取得了快速改进，这改变了人
们对工作的看法。最初的一种改变就是人力被其他形式的能量所代替。随之而来的是机器的`加大使用，以便在更少的时间里生产产品。
人们也开发了可以用来生产一种产品相同零件的机器：每个钉子都造得跟其他任何钉子完全相同，也就是每个钉子都可以跟其他钉子互换。这就意味着商品可以大规模生产，虽然大规模生产要求把生产分成一个一个更小的部分。
一旦它实现，工人们再也不用着手处理产品以及花力气完成产品。取而代之的是，他们也许只工作过去工作量的千分之一，另外的工人按一定工序完成各自的部分就可以了。按照今天的标准，这种生产工作没什么令人奇怪的。技术高超的工人无法跟这种新的生产技艺相媲关。因为大规模生产使高规格的商品的大批量生产成为现实，而手工制作相形见绌。然而，技术好的个人并非唯一的受损失者，普通工人也如此。相似的改变让农民地位不保。不断增加的农业机械化把大批农民从耕地和农作物收获中*出来。除了涌入快速发展的工业中心，他们别无选择。规则日益被机器制定。工人不再拥有自己的工具。他们的技术不再有价值，从而工作中的自豪感不再存在。工人供养、照顾和维修那些远比人类更有工作效率的机器，这大大减少了花费。
9月公共英语三级阅读每日训练3篇（扩展4）
——全国公共英语三级阅读真题演练3篇
全国公共英语三级阅读真题演练1
1.【答案】A
【题型】推理题
【出处】题目问的是“电视上不断重播美女选秀比赛使得作者……”从第三段可以看出，作者在看到世界小姐--fxgr--环球小姐比赛后产生了一连串的想法“如果一批孩子能够……那么这条路就是对的。”由此可推断出作者思考了很多。故选A.
2.【答案】B
【题型】细节题
【出处】题目问的是“在作者看来，年轻的选手们是如何准备这场比赛的”。根据第二段最后一句"And the young hopefuls give it their disciplined best almost as ifthey were preparing themselves for an IIT entrance test or the Civil Servicesexam."可知“这些充满希望的年轻人展示出了自己受 过训练的最好的一面，几乎像是在准备伊利诺亚理工大学人学考试或是公*。”由此可知，这些选手对待比赛都很认真。故选B.
3.【答案】C
【题型】细节题
【出处】题目问的是“对大多数人来说，聪明的孩子和年轻的美女都有充分理由……”根据第三段第三句"If brainykids go to coaching classes, why can"t the pretty ones go to physical trainers,可知，作者认为聪明的孩子和美女们都应该去发挥他们的优势。故选C.
4.【答案】A
【题型】推理题
【出处】题目问的是“在作者看来，对于大多数的印度母亲来说，Aditi是……”根据最后一段最后一句"To most women, the worldof Aditi Gowatrika would seem like a different planet."可知“对于大多数女性而言，阿迪提·髙薇崔卡的世界似乎像一个不同的星球。”由此可推断出，对大多数印度母亲和妻子而言，阿迪提，高薇崔卡的世界不切实际。故选A.
5.【答案】B
【题型】推理题
【出处】题目问的是“作者是以一种什么样的语气来谈论选美比赛的”。根据第三段以及第四段第一句"Yes, we had just begun to accept it all."可知，作者认为既然聪明的孩子可以去上辅导班，漂亮的孩子也可以去找仪态教练。 整容手术等方式可以让女人更快乐、健康和自信，那么这条路或许就是对的。而且我们已经开始完全接受这个事实。由此可以看出作者对选美比赛持宽容的态度。故选B.
9月公共英语三级阅读每日训练3篇（扩展5）
——全国公共英语三级作文3篇
全国公共英语三级作文1
English has been getting more and more popular in the last decade. Many countries have made English taught as the second language in schools. But why do students need English? If they do need, what do they need it for?
Different students learn English for different purposes. Most of the students learn English because they need to read English textbooks or journals and attend English lectures, while a few students use it to talk to English-speaking visitors, attend seminars, or write letters and reports.
Whatever the purposes are, one thing is certain: Students need English, and English teaching should be strengthened in universities. However, the current teaching methods should be improved and the teaching materials should be updated to satisfy their needs.
全国公共英语三级作文2
Below is a chart showing the global water sup*. Write an essay of about 120 words making references to the following points:
1) describe the percentage of different kinds of water sup* of the world;
2) *yze the current situation of fresh water on earth;
3) give the possible reasons for this situation.
「参考范文」
Water is a precious resource. Although we are surrounded by it in oceans, lakes, rivers and streams, our sup* is limited. The chart given shows that most of the water on earth — 97.4 percent — is salt water stored in oceans. Only 2.6 percent of the earth"s water is fresh water, and 2 percent is locked up in ice caps and glaciers. Thus the fresh water left for us to use is only 0.6 percent of the total water sup*.
There will never be any more fresh water than there is now. In fact, the earth is short of fresh water. Besides, the increasing growth of the world population, the growing demand of industry for water, the serious pollution of our environment — all this makes the world in danger of running out of fresh water. In some large cities such as Tianjin, fresh water cannot meet the daily needs.
Since water is essential to all life and the sup* limited, we must manage it intelligently and carefully.
全国公共英语三级作文3
A survey conducted in Tianjin found that 98% of high school students and 92% of elementary school students have to spend most of their weekends doing homework.
Write an essay of about 120 words. You may include the following points:
1. Discuss the negative effects of too much homework on children.
2. Discuss the disadvantages of the present exam-oriented education system.
3. Call for efforts to ease students" burden and help them lead a colorful and enjoyable life.
「参考范文」
Too much homework has become a common complaint in high schools and elementary schools. Students have to spend most of their time doing homework, even on weekends. As a result, they have no time for their hobbies, or for their parents or friends. All they do is what they have to do, not what they like to do.
The underlying cause for this phenomenon lies in the present exam-oriented education system. National College Entrance Examination has become the sole focus of teachers, parents, and students themselves. High score becomes the ultimate goal, to the neglect of practical abilities, personality development, and all that.
It is urgent that we deepen our educational reform. We must allow for students" overall development, not just evaluate their test scores.
9月公共英语三级阅读每日训练3篇（扩展6）
——公共英语pets三级考前加分训练题3篇
公共英语pets三级考前加分训练题1
行走就像游泳、骑自行车和跑步一样，是一种有氧运动，可以通过给皮肤和肌肉增加供氧而塑造更大的肺活量和耐力。这样的运动可能是防止心脏和血液循环疾病的一个主要因素。
作为可能是最不费力气、最安全的有氧运动，绝大多数人认为行走可以接受。以舒适的速度行走可以通过激活肺部和心脏增强心肺系统的效率，但比起大多数其他的锻炼形式，行走的速度更为舒缓。
在一项测试中，一组40到57岁的男子每周4天快速行走40分钟，与同样年龄每周同期进行3次30分钟慢跑的男子收到了同样的改善效果。他们的正常心率和身体脂肪明显降低。这些变化表明行走可以带来重要的，甚至是关键的益处。
行走也可以燃烧热量。获得或失去一磅重量需要消耗3 500卡热量。因为以中等速度走一小时的路程将会消耗300到360卡的热量。每隔一天行走一小时，则每月可以减去一磅半的脂肪，或者说一年可以减去l8 磅脂肪，只要您每日摄入的食物量不变。为了更快减去体重，每天行走一小时，那么每月就可以减去3磅脂肪，一年就是36磅。
不管您的年龄有多大，现在都应该花同样时间考虑身体和养老金或保险。行走是一种关键的抵御疾病和抗衰老的方法。它是自然界给您的一种调整的方式。
9月公共英语三级阅读每日训练3篇（扩展7）
——公共英语三级阅读冲刺题及译文详解3篇
公共英语三级阅读冲刺题及译文详解1
“我们不是即将进入信息时代，而是置身其中感觉良好。”目前的预测是，到l990年，在美国大约3000万的工作或大约30%的工作市场将和电脑相关。l980年，所有美国高中只有21%的学校拥有一台或两台.供学生用的电脑。而在1985年秋季，一项新的研究表明，美国一半的中等学校拥有十五台或更多的"供学生用的电脑。现在教育专家、行政人员、甚至普通大众正要求所有学生会使用电脑。到2000年电脑知识将在超过80%的职业中成为必然要求。很快那些不会使用电脑的人将会被比作今日的“文盲”。
“电脑读写能力”是什么?这个术语本身暗示某种程度上与电脑有关，但是知道什么呢?时下的观点好像是，它应该包括对电脑是什么有个大概的了解，另外知道一些电脑的历史以及知道电脑运行方面的一些知识。
因此，每个地方的教育者不仅要留心观察正在做的事情，而且要注意在电脑教育领域什么应该做。如今，大部分成年人在几乎浑然不知内燃机如何运作的情况下能够驾驶一辆摩托车。在无法讲出它们的历史
或解释它们怎样工作的情况下，我们也能够有效地使用各种电器设备。
生意人已经充分利用打字机和加法机很多年了，但几乎没人知道怎样维修它们。那么为什么教电脑要通过教它们内部构造以及为什么工作呢?
更确切地说，首先我们必须把注意力放在教授电脑的有效使用上，正如工具一般。
“知道怎样使用电脑将会变得重要。我们不是在讨论‘汽车读写能力"：我们只需上车驾驶便是。”
公共英语三级阅读冲刺题及译文详解2
“我们不是即将进入信息时代，而是置身其中感觉良好。”目前的预测是，到l990年，在美国大约3000万的工作或大约30%的工作市场将和电脑相关。l980年，所有美国高中只有21%的学校拥有一台或两台.供学生用的电脑。而在1985年秋季，一项新的研究表明，美国一半的中等学校拥有十五台或更多的供学生用的电脑。现在教育专家、行政人员、甚至普通大众正要求所有学生会使用电脑。到2000年电脑知识将在超过80%的.职业中成为必然要求。很快那些不会使用电脑的人将会被比作今日的“文盲”。
“电脑读写能力”是什么?这个术语本身暗示某种程度上与电脑有关，但是知道什么呢?时下的观点好像是，它应该包括对电脑是什么有个大概的了解，另外知道一些电脑的历史以及知道电脑运行方面的一些知识。
因此，每个地方的教育者不仅要留心观察正在做的事情，而且要注意在电脑教育领域什么应该做。如今，大部分成年人在几乎浑然不知内燃机如何运作的情况下能够驾驶一辆摩托车。在无法讲出它们的历史
或解释它们怎样工作的情况下，我们也能够有效地使用各种电器设备。
生意人已经充分利用打字机和加法机很多年了，但几乎没人知道怎样维修它们。那么为什么教电脑要通过教它们内部构造以及为什么工作呢?
更确切地说，首先我们必须把注意力放在教授电脑的有效使用上，正如工具一般。
“知道怎样使用电脑将会变得重要。我们不是在讨论‘汽车读写能力"：我们只需上车驾驶便是。”
9月公共英语三级阅读每日训练3篇（扩展8）
——公共英语三级考试阅读考前辅导试题3篇
公共英语三级考试阅读考前辅导试题1
Three Passions I Have Lived for
Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life:
the longing for love, the search for knowledge,
and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind.
These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither,
in a wayward course over a deep ocean of anguish,
reaching to the very verge of despair.
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy
—ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life
for a few hours for this joy.
I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness
—that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness
looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss.
I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen,
in a mystic miniature,
the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined.
This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life,
this is what—at last—I have found.
With equal passion I have sought knowledge.
I have wished to understand the hearts of men.
I have wished to know why the stars shine ...
A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.
Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens.
But always pity brought me back to earth.
Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart.
Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people
—a hated burden to their sons,
and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be.
I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.
This has been my life.
I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again
if the chance were offered me.
9月公共英语三级阅读每日训练3篇（扩展9）
——公共英语三级阅读文章3篇
公共英语三级阅读文章1
A painter hangs his or her finished picture on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm —— two entirely different movements.
Singers and instrumentalists have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner"s responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties: the hammers that hit the strings have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.
This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sounds with fanatical but selfless authority.
Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.
画家将已完成的作品挂在墙上，每个人都可以观赏到。作曲家写完了一部作品，得由 演奏者将其演奏出来，其他人才能得以欣赏。因为作曲家是如此完全地依赖于职业歌手和职 业演奏者，所以职业歌手和职业演奏者肩上的担子可谓不轻。一名学音乐的学生要想成为一名演奏者，需要经受长期的、严格的训练，就象一名医科的学生要成为一名医生一样。绝大多数的训练是技巧性的。音乐家们控制肌肉的熟练程度，必须达到与运动员或巴蕾舞演员相当的水*。歌手们每天都练习吊嗓子，因为如果不能有效地控制肌肉的话，他们的声带将不能满足演唱的要求。弦乐器的演奏者练习的则是在左手的手指上下滑动的同时，用右手前后拉动琴弓——两个截然不同的动作。
歌手和乐器演奏者必须使所有的音符完全相同协调。钢琴家们则不用操这份心，因为每个音符都已在那里等待着他们了。给钢琴调音是调 音师的职责。但调音师们也有他们的难处：他们必须耐心地调理敲击琴弦的音锤，不能让音锤发出的声音象是打击乐器，而且每个交叠的音都必须要清晰。
如何得到乐章清晰的纹理是学生指挥们所面临的难题：他们必须学会了解音乐中的每一个音及其发音之道。 他们还 必须致力于以热忱而又客观的权威去控制这些音符。除非是和音乐方面的知识和悟性结合起来，单纯的技巧没有任何用处。艺术家之所以伟大在于他们对音乐语言驾轻就熟，以致于可以满怀喜悦地演出写于任何时代的作品。
音乐方面的知识和悟性结合起来，单纯的技巧没有任何用处。艺术家之所以伟大在于他们对音乐语言驾轻就熟，以致于可以满怀喜悦地演出写于任何时代的作品。
公共英语三级阅读文章2
If by "suburb" is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1830"s and 1840"s were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders.
With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress —— conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis.This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle Class, whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts.
如果"郊区"指的是比已建好的城市内部发展更为迅速的城市边缘地带，那么郊区化可以说始于1825 年至1850年工业化城市出现期间。在这之前，城市只是高度密集的小聚居群。在其中，人们步行走动，商品靠马车来运送。但是建于18 世纪三四十年代的早期工厂位于城边的航道和铁路附近，被工作机会吸引到这里的成千上万的人们需要住房。渐渐地，在与旧有的主要城区相毗邻的地方，不断涌现出由排房和公寓楼组成的工人聚居区，包围了工厂。作为对这种侵蚀的自卫，也为了扩大它们收税的地域范围，城市吞并了工业化的临近地带，比如1854 年费城的城区就兼并了费县的绝大部分地区。相似的城市化也发生在芝加哥和纽约。今天很多美国的`大城市其实就是靠吞并它们附近的边缘地区而变成大都会的。
随着工业化的加速发展，城市里出现了严重拥挤和相伴而来的社会压力。当1888 年第一条商业上成功的电气化铁轨被制造出来时，压力开始接近危机的程度。几年之内，马车就被废弃了，电车网相互交织连接着各个重要的城区，从而形成了一种郊区化的潮流，即密集的工业城市转变成了分散的都市。此时城市中产阶级的出现进一步加强了第一波大规模郊区化。这些中产阶级希望在远离老旧城市的地区拥有住宅，单一家庭住宅地区的开发者满足了他们的愿望。单一家庭住宅地区的开发者满足了他们的愿望。
公共英语三级阅读文章3
Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited sup* are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the"system" of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else. If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define "price", many would re* that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that ap* to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total "package" being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
价格决定资源的使用方式。价格也是有限的产品与服务在买方中的配给手段。美国的价格系统是复杂的网状系统，包括经济生活中一切产品买卖的价格，也包括名目繁多的各种服务，诸如劳动力、专职人员、交通运输、公共事业等服务的价格。所有这些价格的内在联系构成了价格系统。任何一种个别产品或服务的价格都与这个庞大而复杂的系统密切相关，而且或多或少地受到系统中其它成份的制约。如果随机挑选一群人，问问他们如何定义"价格"，许多人会回答价格就是根据卖方提供的`产品或服务，买方向其付出的钱数。换句话说，价格就是市场交易中大家认同的产品或服务的货币量。该定义就其本身来说自有其道理。但要获得对价格在任何一桩交易中的完整认识，就必须考虑到大量"非货币"因素的影响。买卖双方不但要清楚交易中的钱数，而且要非常熟悉交易物的质量和数量，交易的时间、地点，采用哪种形式付款，有怎样的缓付和优惠，对交易物的质量保证、交货条款、退赔权利等等。也就是说，为了能估算索价，买卖双方必须通晓构成交易物价格的通盘细节。